Queen Liliuokalani Essay -- Liliuokalani Hawaii Polynesian

Queen Liliuokalani had ambitious plans for the nation of Hawaii, and wanted to see the rightful power of the monarch restored. Even though she was doing what she thought was best for the people of Hawaii, her daydream was never meant to be. She would become known as the last queen ever to reign over the Hawaiian Islands.In the beginning, Hawaii was unknown to any humans. Polynesians ultimately came across its islands, and decided to make it their home. In the early days, each island was ruled by a chief, and many times the islands were in conflict with each other. Centuries like this passed, but then in 1782, Queen Liliuokalanis cousin Kamehameha set out to conquer and unite the islands. Thirteen years later, in 1795, Kamehameha finally fulfilled his vision of a unified Hawaiian state, and he became king. The nation was then to be ruled by Kamehamehas sons. (Guzzetti 10)Queen Liliuokalanis biological parents were Chief Kapaakea and Chiefess Keohokalole. Because it is a Hawaiian cu stom to restrain children to other couples for raising, as the Hawaiians believed it brought different families closer together, Liliuokalani was given to Paki and Konia. She attended the Royal School, where she met many people, some who became friends, and some who she had already been acquainted with, such as her harbor sister, and her biological brother, who would eventually be her predecessor, King Kalakaua. (Guzzetti 10, 12, 28)The Royal School was a new experience for her. At home, she was used to walking around barefoot and exhausting as little as possible to keep cool in the warm Hawaiian climate. Because the school was administered by the Cookes, who were missionaries from juvenile England, she had to wear western clothing, inwardness she ha... ...illed and Liliuokalani began to have more patriot feelings for the United States, instead of resentment. She even had the flag of the United States flown over her home, and the Hawaiian one lowered.1917Not much later, Liliuo kalani died at the be on of seventy-nine.Works CitedDaws, Gavan. The Illustrated Atlas of Hawaii. Honolulu Island Heritage, 1970.Day, A. Grove. Hawaii Fiftieth Star. New York Meredith Press, 1969.Day, A. Grove. Hawaii and Its People. New York Meredith Press, 1968.Day, A. Grove and Ralph S. Kuykendall. Hawaii A History. Englewood Cliffs Prentice-Hall, 1961.Guzzetti, Paula. The Last Hawaiian Queen Liliuokalani. New York Benchmark Books, 1997.Pratt, Julius W. Expansionists of 1898. Chicago Quadrangle Books, 1964.Tabrah, Ruth M. Hawaii A Bicentennial History. New York W. W. Norton & Company, 1980.

People Accused Of Violent Crimes Should Not Be Allowed To Post Bail :: essays research papers

People Accused of Violent Crimes Should Not Be Allowed To Post BailPeople accused of violent crimes should not be allowed to institutionalize bail andremain out of jail while their trial is pending. There be many reasons to whyI strongly agree with this statement. Many factors are unknown to the publicwithout conducting some sort of extensive research. Whether it is simplyreading in the paper about pending trials, or as complicated as researchingprevious trials. Bail is decided by a judge, and their lives are devoted tohandling these types of decisivenesss. There are three solid reasons to why I haveit is necessary to deny bail to those accused of violent crimes. One is thatall conditions for release are decided by a judge who is fully cognisant of thecircumstances. Another is that these defendants, since being arrested, shouldbe considered a threat to public safety. My last, and final, reason is that myrationale strongly agrees with denial of bail to the accused.In Nebraska, as written in the Statutes of Nebraska, bail is grantedafter a judge takes into account the nature and circumstances of the offensecharged. This judge looks at the defendants family ties, employment, financialresources, character and mentality, having resided in the community, trustrecords, and record of court appearances or of flight to avoid prosecution orfailure to appear. A judge, when deciding if bail is to be granted, does notjust moot a coin to decide. He or she looks at all aspects of the situation.It all rests in the judges hands. When a judge looks at a person accused of aviolent crime, such as murder, a few things are liable to pop into perspective.One would be to how violent and detrimental the accusations are. Any rational thought person would realize that if arrested, they are in suspicion.Therefore, a state appointed judge is also going to realize that this personmust be a threat, especially if accused of a violent crime. It does not violatethe accused rights, because once under arrest, their rights are strictly definedas what the judges final decision is.This leads me to my next point, that these accused people are a threat.The purpose of bail, as defined by the Nebraska Statute, is to ensure that thedefendant will show at the trial. I researched a case where this was stronglyconsidered. Brian Mase is accused of shooting and killing John Boyer, afterBoyer refused to leave Mases home. They were in a fight over a stolen watch.

Cause and Effect Essay - Christianity Causes Divorce -- Expository Cau

Cause and Effect Essay - Christianity Causes DivorceBible Belt Couples Put asunder More, the New York Times proclaimed on May 21 of this year The divorce rate in many parts of the Bible Belt is around 50% above the national average. So much for the notion that secularism is to blame for the decline of traditional families, among other frequently lamented social ills. Apparently, in a least a few states, the divorce rate correlates to an excess of piety, not the absence of it. What do we make of this amusing correlation? I doubt that religiosity like a shot causes divorce, but in some cases it may cause marriage, by condemning premarital sex and cohabitation as sinful and marriage, of course, is the one indisputable cause of divorce. marry in haste divorce when you come to your senses. I had this vision that this is just what people do Get married, have kids and Christ comes back, one Oklahoma divorcee told the New York Times.She remarried, but a great many Oklahomans apparently prefer living in sin. (Religion may not cause marriage after all.) tally to the Times, the number of unmarried cohabitating couples in Oklahoma increased 97 percent in the past ten years. It increased 125 percent in argon and 123 percent in Tennessee. The average national increase in unmarried couples for the same period was 72 percent.Statistics like these are deeply troubling to god-fearing social conservatives like Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee, who declared a marital emergency in his state and Oklahoma Governor Frank Keating, who has initiated a multimillion dollar campaign to strengthen marriage by sending publicly funded marriage ambassadors to talk shows and public schools and providing premarital education. ... ...tates, when the Supreme Court held that Mormons could be prosecuted for go in into polygamous marriages. Thus, Judeo-Christian notions of marriage are incorporated into law while historic Mormon beliefs about marriage are criminalized.As Utah polygamist tomca t Green recently learned, laws against multiple spouses are still liable to be enforced. Green, who boasted five wives and an estimated twenty-five to thirty children, was convicted of four counts of bigamy (and one count of nonsupport). He was not a curiously sympathetic defendant one of his wives was only fourteen when he married her, and he could not support all the children he licentiously fathered. So, its probably not fair to say he was prosecuted because of his religious beliefs, but he was prosecuted in spite of them. He is not a particularly virtuous man, but he is, after all, a religious one.

American Industrialization Essay -- American History

Between 1865 and 1920, industrialization caused significant changes in many heaps lives. First, the development of a new trackroad system help settle the west and made it more accessible to people. Second, public transit systems in big cities provided an outlet from congested cities. Last, the disco truly of a method for transmitting electricity helped to light up our daily lives. I feel that these are tercet of the most important changes in peoples lives caused by industrialization.First, the building of railroads out west played a huge part in the roaring expansion of our country and the fulfillment of American dreams. Priot to the development of a more efficient railroad system, the movement of people and freight were relatively slow, difficult, and costly. Because of different rail gauges, sometimes freight had to be unloaded and then reloaded on boxcars. Second, most goods had to be produced and provided locally on a small scale. As a result, prices for products were very h igh. Nevertheless, with the help of federal grants, railroad promoters were able to build a more efficient railroad system that would connect the settled east with the unsettled west. after(prenominal) the completion of the new railroads system, farmers were in reasonable distance of railroad depots, which meant manufacturers could locate their plants anywhere and be able to bring in raw materials and send their products wheresoever they could find customers. Also, freight and passengers could travel by rai...

The Crusades Essay -- European History Muslim War Essays

The CrusadesThe Crusades series of wars by Western European Christians to recapture the Holy Land from the Muslims. (Encarta Crusades) The Crusades first began in 1096 and terminate in the late 13th century. The term Crusade originally meant that the Europeans would use all their efforts to regain the billet from the Muslims. They wanted to retake the city of Jerusalem, which was holy to Christians because thats where the crucifixion of Jesus Christ occurred. Europeans later used it to allocate any military efforts against non-Christians. The Crusaders also created feudal states in the Near East. The Crusades vie an important role of European expansion and colonialism. They mark the first time Western Christendom undertook a military initiative far from home, the first time hearty numbers left to carry their culture and religion abroad. (Encarta Crusades) In addition to the efforts in the East, the Crusading movement includes other wars against Muslims, pagans, and dissident Chr istians and the general expansion of Christian Europe. primarily the object of the crusade was to help the Christian Churches in the East.(Mayer, 9) Also on the agenda was the peace of God, i.e. the prohibition of feuding on authorized days and the immunity of certain people, places, and things.(Mayer, 8). Basically the Crusades were an expression of militant Christianity and European expansion. They combined religious interests with worldly and military views. Christians learned to live in different cultures they also forced something of their deliver thoughts and beliefs on these cultures. The Crusades strongly affected the beliefs of people at the time, and to this day they are among the approximately famous chapters of medieval history.The crusades began to stir up after the death of Charlemagne, office of the Franks, in 814. After his death Christian Europe was under attack and weak. Magyars, nomadic people from Asia, pillaged eastern and central Europe until the 10th cen tury. (Encarta Crusades). starting signal in the year 800, Viking raids interrupted life in northern Europe and even Mediterranean cities. But the greatest threat came from the forces of Islam. This was in consequence to Muhammad their infamous leader dying, in 632. By the 8th century, Islamic forces had conquered North Africa, the eastern shores of the Mediterranean, and most of Spain. (Mayer, 3... ...Christian banner so far from home, given the contemporary conditions of transport and communication, was impressive.(Encarta, Crusades). The most important effect of the Crusades was economic. The Italian cities prospered from the transport of Crusaders and replaced Byzantines and Muslims as merchant-traders in the Mediterranean. Trade passed through Italian hands to Western Europe with a tremendous profit. This power became the basis of economics in the Italian Renaissance. It also made powers much(prenominal) as the Atlantic like Spain and Portugal to seek trade through India and China. Their efforts, through such explorers as Vasco da Gama and Christopher Columbus, helped to open most of the world to European trade dominance and colonization and to shift the center of commercial activity from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic.(Encarta, Crusades). whole kit CitedBarker, Ernest. The Crusades Books for Libraries Press. New York. 1923.Krey, August C. The First Crusade The accounts of Eye-Witnesses and Participants. Princeton University Press. 1921Mayer, Hans Eberhard. The Crusades Second Edition. Oxford University Press. 1965Microsoft Encarta encyclopedia 2004.

The Crusades Essay -- European History Muslim War Essays

The CrusadesThe Crusades series of wars by Western European Christians to recapture the Holy Land from the Muslims. (Encarta Crusades) The Crusades first began in 1096 and ended in the late 13th century. The term Crusade originally meant that the Europeans would use all their efforts to regain the power from the Muslims. They wanted to retake the city of Jerusalem, which was holy to Christians because thats where the crucifixion of Jesus Christ occurred. Europeans later used it to allocate any military efforts against non-Christians. The Crusaders also created feudal states in the expert East. The Crusades played an important role of European expansion and colonialism. They mark the first sentence Western Christendom undertook a military initiative far from home, the first time significant numbers left to carry their culture and religion abroad. (Encarta Crusades) In addition to the efforts in the East, the Crusading movement includes other wars against Muslims, pagans, and disside nt Christians and the general expansion of Christian Europe. Originally the object of the crusade was to help the Christian Churches in the East.(Mayer, 9) Also on the agenda was the peace of God, i.e. the prohibition of feuding on certain days and the granting immunity of certain people, places, and things.(Mayer, 8). Basically the Crusades were an expression of militant Christianity and European expansion. They combined religious interests with worldly and military views. Christians learned to live in different cultures they also laboured something of their own thoughts and beliefs on these cultures. The Crusades strongly affected the beliefs of people at the time, and to this day they are among the most famous chapters of medieval history.The crusades began to stir up after the cobblers last of Charlemagne, king of the Franks, in 814. After his death Christian Europe was under attack and weak. Magyars, nomadic people from Asia, pillaged eastern and central Europe until the te nth century. (Encarta Crusades). Starting in the year 800, Viking raids interrupted life in northern Europe and even Mediterranean cities. But the greatest threat came from the forces of Islam. This was in end to Muhammad their notorious leader dying, in 632. By the 8th century, Islamic forces had conquered North Africa, the eastern shores of the Mediterranean, and most of Spain. (Mayer, 3... ...Christian banner so far from home, given the contemporary conditions of impart and communication, was impressive.(Encarta, Crusades). The most important effect of the Crusades was economic. The Italian cities prospered from the transport of Crusaders and replaced Byzantines and Muslims as merchant-traders in the Mediterranean. Trade passed by Italian hands to Western Europe with a dread(a) profit. This power became the basis of economics in the Italian Renaissance. It also made powers such as the Atlantic like Spain and Portugal to seek trade through India and China. Their efforts, thro ugh such explorers as Vasco da Gama and Christopher Columbus, helped to open most of the world to European trade dominance and colonization and to shift the center of commercial activity from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic.(Encarta, Crusades).Works CitedBarker, Ernest. The Crusades Books for Libraries Press. New York. 1923.Krey, August C. The First Crusade The accounts of Eye-Witnesses and Participants. Princeton University Press. 1921Mayer, Hans Eberhard. The Crusades Second Edition. Oxford University Press. 1965Microsoft Encarta encyclopedia 2004.

Perception Reaction Paper Essay

The first thing my eyes go to is Tyes sister Shane. She is playing with her hair, with a very skimpy bikini. She us a very pretty young teenager having fun listening to her friends IPod tanning up the solarize rays. I see Shanes friend in the background, not very noticeable other than she is the one picking out a song or she might be texting. I look a little more to the right and I see what appears to be a teenage boy believably 16 while his sister is maybe 14. Tye looks a little agitated at his sister maybe some jealousy. He is relaxed kicking back with something on his mind. With the rest of the people in the background there is a few other women tanning as well enjoying the beautiful weather. Also a catch boys that must have been out of the swimming pool for a bit are probably getting hot and ready to make their shooting heard. Everyone seems to be having a fun time precisely Tyes face makes me wonder. Part 2The way the parents tried to handle the situation is pretty much what I would do to my children. Not only is Tye confused about his life, but the family also with all the confusion dealing with a sexual urge issue child. I mean an early teen has pretty much decided if they were trapped in anothers body. Tye is going to have a rough time by means of high school but when attending college he will be more social acceptable. I understand from personal experience of how confusing gender can be. I was a hard core tomboy but once my parents divorced I changed into a more girly tomboy, now just a tomboy on the inside. Part 3Wow where do I start with on this term. I have always been that tomboy type but I never could imagine changing my outlooks such as my breasts and so on. Tye seems to know what he wants since a young child. I would have done the like thing by trying to make either my daughter or son the gender they were born with. I guess over time a parent would have to accept what the child decides to be no matter what the outcome is. Maybe, I would be as supportive after the fact is accepted. This article opened my eyes from the teenagers eyes and understand how hard life can be to be socially accepted. Very good outcome to write about.

European Women’s Fashion in the Eighteenth Century

formulate has been always been a dominate part within either society end-to-end the years. look is a prevailing custom or style of dress, etiquette, socializing, etc. and conventional usage in dress, manners, etc. , e extraly of civilised society, or conformity to it (fashion). When it comes to fashion, europium happens to be the roughly influential continent. For centuries, Europe has always been fashion-forward, influencing many other continents and countries with its style.There has always been the misconception, as declared by fashion historian Aileen Ribeiro in Dress in Eighteenth-Century Europe, that most think immediately of Paris and the French court when they ponder that time of 18th century fashion, forgetting reverberations in England, Italy, and elsewhere worldwide (Cullen). However, in the eighteenth century (around the 1750s), France was well-known for its fancy style, which was simply wide skirts, fine fabrics, and an overdose of embroidery (Womens Fashion of the 18th Century).Like most French fashion, it spread across Europe. The rococo style emphasized the love of shell- bid curves and decorative arts (Rococo Fashion Era). During this time in the late eighteenth century, certain undergarments, gowns, shoes, and simple, refined hairdos and make-up were essential for the fashionable European woman. In the late eighteenth century, women sole(prenominal) wore certain undergarments. For example, they wore chemises, stays, panniers, free-hanging pockets, and waistcoats, but they did not wear underwear during this time.The chemises that the women often wore had very low necklines and elbow-length sleeves that flushed out fully. Over the chemise, they wore stays, or corsets, in hopes of attaining the correct, fashionable emplacement of a woman during this century, which consisted of standing with the shoulders back only slightly stays generally kept women with cone-like torsos and accentuated large hips. Stays were also usually tied sozzled but comfortably and offered women back support. At the hips were panniers, or side hoops, which were important when it came to court fashion because they dilated the hips.Free-hanging pockets were tied about the waist, and waistcoats or petticoats were worn over the corsets for warmth. These were the types of undergarments that most late eighteenth century women wore. (17501795 in Fashion Cullen) Aside from the necessary undergarments, low-necked gowns were typical attire in the 1750s. Usually, the gowns had skirt attachments, and the skirts would shake an opening in the front to expose the petticoat that the woman wore beneath it. If the gowns bodice had an opening, then there was usually a stomacher pinned to the corset that was beneath the gown for decoration.The sleeves of the gowns normally had tight elbow-length sleeves that flushed at the ends with frills or ruffles. During this period, gowns were very popular and versatile and could be worn extravagantly or plainly. Upper class women would often have the more than expensive, extravagant gowns while the middle and lower class normally settled for the plain shortgowns. (17501795 in Fashion) When it came to shoes during the late eighteenth century, women wore them like they wore their clothes.Much like now, in most societies, people dress in terms of their wealth, i. . the rich dress fanciful and the poor dress in what they can buoy afford. The same rules apply to women of the eighteenth century. Women wore shoes with high, curved heels made of colorful silk or delicate leather, sometimes decorated with gold and silver lace and braid. pull down though most women of this time dressed in silk gowns that were heavily decorated (as is a requirement of the rococo style), it was rare that the women would have shoes of the same, matching material. The land for this was that it would just be too expensive.Some of the womens shoes were laced, and some had decorative buckles. The toes of their shoes were eit her pointed or a bit rounded. However, further into the eighteenth century, the extravagance behind the fine shoes was simplified. (Eighteenth Century Footwear). Lastly, women of the eighteenth century didnt necessarily change their hairstyles much. Women rarely wore wigs, aside from special occasions. Normally, women kept their hair powdered and coiffed, decorated with a small bonnet or flowers, jewelry, and bows (Rococo Fashion Era).Along with the hairstyles came make-up. These hairstyles were fairly simple, leaving more focus onto the womans face and her make-up. The point of make-up in the eighteenth century was to make women look artificial, hence why many women strived for disgusted skin (Womens Fashion of the 18th Century). It wasnt until later, after the rococo era, that high wigs became fashionable. Fashion has always been an important aspect in history. As mentioned earlier, Europe has always been the fashion-forward continent in the world, influencing many other countri es around the world.The rococo style, also known as the baroque style, was one of the influential fashion changes that occurred throughout Europe and was emphasized by the French. With a popular style that emphasized shell-like curves and elaborate decoration, the fashion-forward European woman of the eighteenth century embraced the new era the rococo era taking in the customs of only wearing certain undergarments, gowns, shoes, and simple, refined hairdos and make-up. This was fashion in the eighteenth century.

Buffalo film review

Do you want to fragrantly waste a mind-numbing hour and a half of your monotonous deportment? If you just threw you hand up in the air and shouted yes, then Vincent Gallons film cow 66 is for you. You volition be subjected to a remarkably mundane plot, which will leave you hopelessly confused and a little afraid. Its only rendering feature is, perhaps, the artistic style in which it is created. The film Is set In the excessively Industrialized town of Buffalo where our mall character, Billy Brown. Who Is played might say, badly by Gallo himself, was born with regret ND raised with disinte lay.We are clenched fist introduced to Billy as he is being released from prison. We become reluctant voyeurs of his life. His first problem that he had to face after being released is searching for a bathroom. Yes You tangible that right. For the first maybe 20 minutes of the film, he is running around in his bright red boots, and ill fitted clothes, looking quite Like a pincer holding his ge nitals searching for a place to relive himself. I really dont understand the meaning of this either. But what an entrance to a movie. end-to-end his hunt for a restroom, we are introduced to Lay.Gallo has decided to put her in a virgin blue dress, a doll like face and alienated from the rest of her dance class. In fact she looks very much like a prostitute. Gallo chooses to sexuality her, focusing the camera around her breasts. Maybe this is why Billy kidnaps her. Yes I said kidnaps. Told you this was a weird movie. Well Billy makes Lay drive him to his parents house, because he can not drive a stick, but along the track he makes her pull over so he can relieve himself behind a tree. Any normal person would have save compulsive off and got the hell out of there. ButLay is not normal, she is alienated from society because of her lack of lets call it social skills. She decides to stay, and continue being kidnapped. Apparently his playground talk of If you do this for me, I will be your best friend, you will be the best friend I have ever had. However if we gallantly ignore this sinless aimless and dreary plot all we have left is Gallons amazing use of techniques such as his use of colors, music and camera angles. Throughout Buffalo 66, Gallo focuses on the abundant use of pale colors and lurid scenes, which portray a lonely sense of emotion and feeling.Gallo an accomplished musician composed a very suitable score to accompany the film. Having himself creating most of the airs Gallo was able to carefully control a great deal of the mood and feeling of each scene. His song Lonely Boy playing at the start of the movie in the opening credits, starting when the Billy Picture is shown Is a good example of child in the picture. Another technique is Gallons use of overlaying images or videos over the top of the already playing film. He does this to show flashbacks to inform us of Billys past. Through these flashbacks we realize that Billys childhood was very hars h.We see his loss of innocence through his Fathers anger on his dog Bingo, and his Mothers lack of care when Billy has an allergic reaction to chocolate. We as well as see his innocence in the events that sent him to prison. With Billys Mothers obsession with the towns local football team the Buffalo Bills, we see her lack of care in Billy as a child again. When Lay asks Billys mum to see a photo of Billy as a child, She then replies to husband Wheres the Billy Picture? He had one picture as a kid, ONE But as you walk into the house you see a bunch of pictures of Buffalo players.This is a major key to Billys alienation. He didnt have a normal home and was treated like he wasnt wanted. You will quickly grow tiered of Bills need to unendingly repeat everything he says. You will find yourself getting frustrated and wishing you could somehow reach into the film and bring him to his senses, perhaps by rearranging his facial features. In the bowling ally scene we notice we see Billy a nd Lay in the photo booth, Spanning time together, Just Spanning time. At this point I found my self shouting at the screen telling him to Just shut up.One important event in the film is the scene betwixt Billy and Lay in the hotel room. We witness them laying on a bed together and Billy looks very, well, uncomfortable, while Lay looks like she has been in this lineament of situation many times before. We have a birds eye view of this whole scene so we see every movement that is made. Slowly, very slow Lays hand moves towards Billys, leaving them awkwardly holding hands, well touching hands. After what seems like an incessant amount of time, Billy rolls over, out of his very what must be uncomfortable position and him and Lay kiss. KISSYou heard me right. I thought it was Lays imagination to be honest. If you view it couldnt get more awkward he curls up in the fetal position in Lays arms. WEIRD But this does portray Billys childlike behavior again and his need for affection that his parents lacked to provide for him. I think I was thankful at this point in the movie though, because finally, finally, they ended up together. They are not alone anymore, because they have each other. Bit detent, but never mind that. If forced to offer a quick summery of the film, I would answer in a forceful honesty, hat it is Just plain boring.So bleak and uneventful is the plot, that I would rather go bird watching. Its only rendering features is Gallons cinematic techniques. There, in my view, are the movies great strength and apportion to Just salvage it from complete ruin. So masterful is Gallons use of cinema that I should recommend this film to English school teachers and others that appreciate the subtle and secret artistic works. To the rest of us, I would issue a warning to avoid the film, like stay at least give it 5 stars out of 10.

Code of Ethics Paper

American Nurses Association codification of moral philosophy Erin Griffin HCS 435 Monday April 12, 2010 Bob Vella cipher of Ethics Code of Ethics in Nursing is important to personify by so that round and tolerants are treated with up most respect and dignity. The definition of Code of Ethics of care for is a guide for an individual or group to follow in making decisions regarding estimable issues (Health Line Site, 2010). What is the description of the Code of Ethics for Nurses? What are the ethical principles of the Code of Ethics in Nursing? How do the musical score procedures work? Is the Code of Ethics of Nursing feasible of enforcing either part of the code or the entire code? Do I have any recommendations for strengthening potential feeble areas of the codes as written? What is the description of the Code of Ethics for Nurses? Ethics are the principles that guide an individual, group, or profession in conduct. Nurses do make independent decisions regarding patient care they are still responsible to the profession in how those decisions are made.Florence Nightingale wrote of specific issues of conduct and moral behavior. The Nightingale pledge that was composed in 1893 by nursing instructor Lystra Gretter includes the vow, To abstain from whatever is destructive and mischievous and will not take or knowingly administer any harmful drug, (Health Line, 2010). Nursing has evolved into a very complex sea captain field over the years. Nurses at the present time are faced with life and death decisions, sometimes on an hourly basis. What are the ethical principles of the Code of Ethics in Nursing?The Code of Ethics of Nursing has nine different provisions to follow. Here is a list of the following provisions of the Code of Ethics of Nursing from the American Nurses Association website 1. The take hold, in all professional relationships, practice with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity, worth, and uniqueness of every individual, unres tricted by considerations of social or economic status, personal attributes, or the nature of health problems. 2. The nurses primary commitment is to the patient, whether an individual, family, group or community. . The nurse promotes, advocates for, and strives to nurse the health, safety, and rights of the patient. 4. The nurse is responsible and accountable for individual nursing practice and determines the appropriate delegation of tasks consistent with the nurses obligation to provide optimum patient care. 5. The nurse owes the same duties to self as to others, including the responsibility to preserve integrity and safety, to maintain competence, and to continue personal and professional growth. 6.The nurse participates in establishing, maintaining, and improving health care environments and conditions of employment conducive to the provision of quality health care and consistent with the values of the profession through individual and collective action 7. The nurse participa tes in the advancement of the profession through contributions to practice, education, administration, and knowledge development. 8. The nurse collaborates with other health professionals and public in promoting community, national, and international efforts to meet health needs. . The profession of nursing, as represented by associations and their members, is responsible for articulation nursing values, for maintaining the integrity of the profession and its practice, and for shaping social policy. How do the grievance procedures work? How grievances are processed is draw in the CBA. CBA stands for collective bargaining declarement. The CBA determines how and with whom a grievance must be filed, and the time limits within which the grievance must be filed and advanced to subsequent levels.Depending on the contract, the grievance is usually initially filed in writing. However, some contracts allow for, or require, an informal verbal attempt at resolution before the grievance may be filed in writing. At the initial grievance step, a meeting is usually held. At this meeting, the aggrieved employee, represented by the union, and the employer, represented by a manager, has an probability to present their arguments for and against the grievance to a decision-maker. Who the ecision-maker is at each step is determined by the CBA. If the grievance is upheld, the awarded remedy is implemented by the parties. If the grievance is denied, the grievance may be appealed to the next step in the grievance procedure. At each subsequent step of the grievance procedure, the meeting is generally attended by a correspondingly higher level of management. In addition, the employee may initially be represented by a local grievance representative and represented by union staff at later stages of the grievance procedure.At each step of the grievance process, the grievance meeting also tends to become much formal, with more rules governing the meeting. The number of steps in the g rievance procedure is also determined by the CBA. A grievance may be settled at any step. Under most CBAs, the settlement becomes precedent, meaning that the settlement will be used in future grievance meetings to interpret the contract, unless the union and employer agree that the settlement will not serve as precedent.Most grievance procedures end in final and binding arbitration. This is the final step in the grievance procedure. At this step, an outside neutral third party, called an arbitrator, determines whether to uphold the grievance and what remedy to award, if any at all. The arbitrators decision and award becomes precedent. If the employer refuses to implement the arbitrators award, the union may test court enforcement of the award, or file an unfair labor practice with the National Labor Relations Board.With the threat of final and binding arbitration, the grievance has proven to be a valuable tool, shielding and enforcing nurses rights (Johnson, 2006). Is the Code of E thics of Nursing feasible of enforcing either part of the code or the entire code? I mean that the Code of Ethics of Nursing is feasible of enforcing either part of the code or the entire code because it is moral and respectable to the staff as rise as the patients the nursing staff is in charge of. The code of ethics is like a Bible for nurses to go by to make their jobs easier and appreciable. Do I have any recommendations for strengthening potential weak areas of the codes as written? I do not have any recommendations for strengthening potential weak areas of the code as written. The code is well put together and does not miss any areas that should be covered. I feel that it is a well travel code of ethics for the nursing staff nationally and internationally to follow. The American Nurses Association Code of Ethics is important to follow by so that staff and patients are treated with up most respect and dignity.The definition of Code of Ethics of nursing is a guide for an in dividual or group to follow in making decisions regarding ethical issues (Health Line Site, 2010). References Wilkins, Gayle G. (2002). Code of Ethics for Nurses. Retrieved from http//www. healthline. com on April 07, 2010 Unknown. (2010). Code of Ethics for Nurses With Interpretive Statements. Retrieved from http//www. nursingworld. org. Retrieved on April 06, 2010. Johnson, Alice. (April, 2006). Grievance 101 Understand The handle and Purpose of The Grievance Procedure. Retrieved from http//www. findarticles. com on April 05, 2010.